Kedu ihe kpatara eji commutator arụ ọrụ na igwe DC?

2024-03-02

A commutatorA na-arụ ọrụ na igwe DC (nke ugbu a), dị ka DC motors na DC generators, maka ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa:


Ntugharị nke AC ka DC: N'ime ndị na-emepụta DC, onye na-ebugharị ya na-eje ozi iji gbanwee mgbanwe nke ugbu a (AC) na-ebute na windings armature ka ọ bụrụ mmepụta kpọmkwem ugbu a (DC). Ka ihe mgbochi ahụ na-agbagharị n'ime oghere magnetik, onye na-emegharị emegharị na-atụgharị na ntụzịaka nke dị ugbu a na eriri ihe mgbochi ọ bụla n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị, na-ahụ na ihe mmepụta ihe na-emepụta ugbu a na-aga n'ihu n'otu akụkụ.


Nlekọta nke ntuziaka nke ugbu a: N'ime moto DC, onye na-eme njem na-achọpụta na ntụzịaka nke ugbu a site na windings armature na-anọgide na-adịgide adịgide ka rotor na-atụgharị n'ime oghere magnetik. Nke a unidirectional eruba nke ugbu a na-arụpụta a na-aga n'ihu torque na-akpali moto si ntụgharị.


Ọgbọ nke Torque: Site n'ịgbanwe ntụzịaka nke dị ugbu a na windings armature, onye na-eme njem na-emepụta ihe na-eme mkpọtụ mgbe niile na moto DC. Ihe mgbawa a na-enyere moto aka imeri inertia na ibu dị n'èzí, na-eme ka ntụgharị dị nro ma na-aga n'ihu.


Mgbochi nke Armature Shorts: Akụkụ ndị na-ejegharị ejegharị, na-egbochi ibe ha, na-egbochi obere sekit n'etiti eriri ihe mgbochi dị n'akụkụ. Ka onye na-agagharị agagharị na-agbagharị, ọ na-eme ka eriri eriri ọ bụla na-edobe kọntaktị eletrik na sekit dị n'èzí site na brushes ka ọ na-ezere kọntaktị na eriri ndị agbata obi.


Njikwa ọsọ na Torque: Nhazi nke commutator, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akụkụ na nhazi ikuku, na-enye ohere maka njikwa ọsọ ọsọ na ihe mgbagwoju anya nke igwe DC. Site n'ihe dị iche iche dị ka voltaji etinyere na ike nke oghere magnetik, ndị na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ịhazigharị ọsọ na mpụta nke moto ma ọ bụ jenerato iji kwado ihe achọrọ.


N'ozuzu, ndịcommutatorna-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na arụ ọrụ nke igwe DC site na ikwado ngbanwe nke ike eletrik ka ọ bụrụ ike igwe (na moto) ma ọ bụ nke ọzọ (na ndị na-emepụta ọkụ) ebe a na-ejigide njikọ eletrik a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na ịchịkwa ntụziaka na ịdị ukwuu nke eruba ugbu a.


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